storyboard

1. StoryboardStoryboard is a column of text, audio and visuals with a description of the content and visuals that are used for the production of a course. Storyboard can be different degrees as there are various steps that must fit through the purpose of making the story board.Storyboard is a concept of communication and creative expression, techniques and media to convey messages and ideas visually, including audio processing with graphic design elements such as shapes and images, fonts and colors, and layout, so that messages and ideas can be accepted by the target. Storyboard is also not limited to ad creation because of game production, multimedia cd and elearningpun using story board.Every filmmaker has a way to express themselves and innovation story. In the world of film animation, storyboard plays an important role as a guide for the people involved in it, from the director, scriptwriter, lighting, cameramen, etc.. All of it starts with the Storyboard. To complete it, then diberia words (dialogue) taken from the script \ script translated into an image. The illustrator (maker storyboard artist) to draw panels that contain the characters, the action of the characters, and environments sekitanya. Besides the purpose of using storyboards is that it allows one to visualize the filmmakers ideas and also as a tool to communicate the idea of ​​the whole film. Storyboard is not only meant for elaborate action scenes but also small and romantic movies usually use a storyboard because it can help clarify emotions and directing the dialogue like it to appear in the film. Storyboard is basically the same as the storyline but in the form of images. Usually the layman would understand more if given a storyboard image panels because of its storyline than in the form of stories. Because the story needs to imagine and membayngkan the story. Storyboard is an area containing a sketch of an image used as a planning tool to visually show how the action of a story. Like the word storyboard form like comics but tana blon dialogue and different functions. The main purpose is to explain the storyboard narrative flow of a story. Storyboard also play a role in the timing of a sequence, the camera viewpoint, migration and continuity anatara elements in one frame.
2. Storyboard WEAKNESS AND SOLUTIONSThe downside is ketidakdapatannya storyboard to show the movement - movement of the camera, along with optical effects, such as fading (Blur, disolving). However, every problem there must be a way out. The easiest solution is to use your writing and schematic to describe what can not be described. In addition, there are several techniques used by illustrators to show the movement of the camera and a wider space. In addition, the need to also consider is the perimeter of a storyboard (frame \ frame). The goal is to show the selected viewpoint of the whole space.
3. USERS WHO StoryboardADVERTISING, storyboard presentation agents are used to sell products to clients. VIDEO GAMES, Vide game uses a lot of planning, including brainstorming concept of gaming and user interaction. TELEVISION SERIAL, sometimes while working in television serial films in particular, require a storyboard director at the complex sequence. MULTIMEDIA, Lots of CD used for education, training or tutorial programs, etc.. WEB DESIGN, usually use to sketch web-like images, video, animation and illustration. INDUSTRY GOVERNMENT, used also to display ideas - ideas when creating a video project administration
4. Storyboard Process
PREPARATION MEETING with directorThe first step is to read the script that has been approved. Usually the storyboard artists make thumbnail sketches as a basic reference that will be shown to the director. It is important to do because it can reduce the striking changes during the project. What should be done by a storyboard artist to director is asked;· What is the purpose of the story emotionally.· What are the personalities of the characters.· What is the overall mood of the story.· What is the mood of each scene in the story.· What color dominates in every frame.· How many characters are entered alternately in each scene.· How is what you want about the feelings of the audience.

1. RESEARCHAt one point the director wants you to make the future landscape of the state. What you are doing is one of the research on buildings, vehicles, environment, clothing, dll.THUMBNAIL This stage is the earliest stage used by the illustrator, is drawing sketches in panels is still very simpler. There was only a serial number that serves as an index and camera movement or the movement of a given character symbols arrows.2. ROUGH PASSOnce the director saw the storyboard in the form of rough sketches, the bias of the change, and this is already a commonplace happening. For example, placement of characters and camera angles \ angle camera. Phase revisions thumbnail darin is called Rough Pass.3. CLEAN-UP StoryboardThe last stage is ready tahp. Is usually complete with narration, dialogue, description sound FX (sound of wind, lightning, etc.). Help lines commonly used when menggmbar has been removed, the picture, the background is really alive and full color so it is easy to understand.4. Storyboard animaticActually this part of the draft be an animated film made. There is no dialogue, sound FX, narrative, like a movie, but the difference is a picture of the storyboard animatic is a still image \ silent because of the materials used are processed storyboard is then processed through software editing (premiere) and then rendered in the form of output movie file. With the animatic can reduce errors and to do repairs.5. ASPECT RATIOAspect ratio is a measure related to the width and length of a screen. Aspect ratio is described by bilangat digits after the decimal point to one. Example 1.5: 1 or 1:33: 1. The first number consisting of one \ two digits after the decimal point (1.5 and 1:33) is the width of the frame \ screen based units (cm, inch, m). and comparison is the height of the frame. For example using the unit cm, the width is 1.5 cm and 1 cm is high. FORMAT GENERAL ASPECT RATIO Most movies today use the format 1.85: 1 or 2:35: 1, and as standartnya 1.85: 1. 1:33 TV Standart: 1, but now a lot of televisions that use 1.78: 1 (widescreen). Different types of aspect ratio:
6. PRINCIPLES OF ANIMATION FILMA. POSE TO POSEIn making the animation, it only takes two objects are stationary objects and moving objects. While objects in \ dianataranya will be created by the computer, commonly referred to as inbetween. For the animation by using the key-animation that moving objects.
B. TIMINGAs explained in front, the animated film is a moving picture. So in each motion frame per second amended motion. Here is called timing. This means that each image has a duration \ timing has been agreed by the animators that first image represents 2 frames. As for the 1 second needed 24 frames (standard film), so for 1 second picture requires a total of 12 images. There are some few frames;· 1 second 24 pictures called On (1) One then 1 picture for 1 frame.· 1 second of 12 images called On (2) Two mean one picture for 2 frames.· 1 second 8 images called On (3) Three mean one picture for 3 frames.· With time to determine quickly slow motion animated object.
C. STRETCH & SQUASHStretch is one form of flexibility of an object that had a little emphasis on the body while it is moving quickly. Squash is a form of flexibility when moving objects and bumping and bouncing so objects appear suppressed.D. AnticipationAn initial movement before moving object or motion could be called a running start.E. SECONDARY ACTIONMove comes after the main movement runs that cause effects in the last move, this is called secondary action. As dlepaskan arrows from his bow and stuck on the beams and vibrating. Well this is the second movement vibrates (secondary action).
F. FOLLOW Trough and over lapping ACTIONMovement of the interplay between each other. For example, when running hair, hands, feet and clothing are all moved with the speed of running.G. EASY EASY IN & OUTAlthough the animated film world is the fruit of creativity of the animators, but not too loose against the laws of nature and the laws of physics. In the animating an object, is not an off on speed, acceleration, gravity, power, weight and the law of cause and effect. For example, the car runs and then stops. Definitely not right just stop it! there must be accelerated and slowed movement. For maximum results, keep in mind all the aspects.H. ARCHMaybe life is also not just straight without any effort. So is the animation. In the animating objects, especially those engaged inflection \ circular should be noted that the results are very natural. On load, force and direction should also be noted.I. ExaggerationHere the results of the animation will look more stunning if given a touch mendramtisasi. For example, a can thrown, eating movements will play berbolak and forth from the bottom up to the bottom again with a blur effect \ blurred every track has been skipped.J. STAGINGThe setting is no less important is the technique of frame \ display \ stage. For maximum results, use a background object that is proportional to the primary object either location, position and size. In order for the message and the impression of the main object is clear and understandable. And also can reason with reason though animated film are fictitious.K. AppealAppeal is a continuation of the staging. Where the appeal is the pattern technique \ putting objects on the main object and the background, object distance, object or motion camera angle so that it looks realistic. Where the only technique many a memorable display piece only, without showing a lot of excessive movement. Anime movie used a lot in Japanese production.L. PERSONALITYCharacter of the animated film will be more powerful, meaningful, life and character when understood in advance everything about the character, such as physical properties, properties sikis, economic background, socio-cultural, historical or so can be described well.

 8. ANIMATION SOFTWARE MAKERA. ANIMATION 2 DIMENSIONS (DWI-MATRA)· MACROMEDIA FLASH· CoRETAS· CorelR.A.V.E· AFTER EFFECT· MOHO· CreaToon· ToonBoom· AUTODESK ANIMATION (1990-AN)
B. ANIMATION 3 DIMENSIONS (TRI-MATRA)· MAYA· 3DS MAX· MAXON CINEMA 4D· Lightwave· SOFTIMAGE· POSER· MOTION BUILDER· HASH ANIMATION MASTER· WINGS 3D· CARRARA· Infini-D· CANOMA




9. ANIMATION DEVELOPMENT IN INDONESIAHow is the development of animated films in Indonesia! By the 1980's there was a movie of Indonesian products into the television series The Huma is a favorite of children - children at the time. In 2004, a history for per-Animasian Indonesia with length feature film made the first 3D animated by studio Adj Maja Jogja, in collaboration with the Kids Vision Group Pimp Nation. Garin Nugroho 3D animated film "Homeland" with director Gangsar Waskito. How about the animation studio! In the near future, Indonesia will have a first-class animation studio located in Batam Island is Infinite Frameworks STUDIOB. ANIMATED FILM BASED PRODUCTION PROCESS1) ANIMATION FILM CLASSICTypes of animated films that use animation techniques images of cells, the oldest techniques used in the animation film industry. Types of films started to grow around 1930's by Walt Disney. Types of animated films that already have planning and image processing is mature enough to be an animated film that controlled the implementation of the production process. While this type of animation films are still in the experimental process. But this kind of animated film was very complicated and time consuming and the cost of production is very much so it is expected from the animated film produced a very monumental and immortal due watched continuously from generation to generation, like a film produced by Walt Disney's "Sleeping Beauty" , "Snow White," "Cinderella," "Pinocchio", etc.. Despite the production of this type of animation is a reference to some kind of animated films, especially those associated with the corporate world animation film industry.2) STOP MOTION ANIMATION FILM (STOP-MOTION ANIMATION)
Some of the animated film techniques associated with shooting techniques directly in the category of animated films animation film types, such as Cut-Out animation (animation pieces), silhoutte animation (animation film byangan), clay animation (animation movie night), puppets animation (film puppet animation), etc.. Because the core of the process of animation film production is directly analyze motion animation is stopped momentarily when recording an image of an object. Although the animation film industry is well developed planning, but still need the imagination of animator in mdenganlisis motion frame-by-frame motion of an object with the proper and natural, so that the possibility of failure in creating motion or in differences in the work of what is expected to be quite large direncanakandan here. In the world of industry, type of stop-motion animated film is developed enough animated films animation film night and stuffed like "Chikens Run", "Nightmare Before Chritsmast," "James and the Giant Peach", etc..
3) COMPUTER ANIMATION FILM \ DIGITAL (DIGITAL ANIMATION)In accordance with the times, in the animated film industry is also growing. After the advent of the computer world, was experiencing a lot of animated films perkebangan. With all forms of computer animation can easily dilakakuakan with lower cost and efficient. Starting from 2D and 3D animated films can be done easily. Just need skills in designing objects and moving objects to look natural. 2D animated films generally done manually, such as making key-animation, inbetween and clean up. There is also a background image \ background created manually until staining. Examples of 2D films: "The Old Parent", "Power Puff Girl", "Kim posible". While the 3D animated film the entire process is done in computerized. Ranging from design to delivery of materials on the computer. Examples of 3D movies: "Toy Story", "Bugs Life", "Chiken Life", "Jimmy Neutron", etc..4. FILM OF ANIMATIONa) SPOTThe film with the swivel 10-60 seconds, used in movie theaters as the credits roll and the commercial TV advertising.b) POCKET CARTOONThe film with the swivel 50-120 seconds, as an intro before the next scene \ repetition.c) SHORTThe film with the play 2-20 minutes, to film a short story, usually animated cartoon films ideally about 6 hours and 10 minutes to puppet animation films.
d) MEDIUM LENGTH FILMThe film with the play 20-50 minutes.e) FULL-LENGTHThe film with the play more than 50 minutes, the most commonly used in movie theaters.
5. STYLE ANIMATION FILMa) RHOTOSCAPE (plagiarized STYLE REALISTIC \ concrete manifestation)So in this animated film using the original video then traced scene per scene to obtain a natural movement. So here is a cartoon produced facsimile of the original video.
b) LIMITED (SIMPLE STYLE)Usually used by the animated film industry so compelled to pursue broadcast production quickly. Here the move is not too overlooked, because the priority elements of the story. However, the quality of motion still must be maintained so it looks natural. Generally widely applied in Japan so that production of the film there is relatively high. For example: "Doraemon", "Shinchan", "Ninja Hatori", etc.. In America too much to use this style to pursue broadcast television stations such as "Scoby Doo", "Flintstone", "Jetson", etc.. The company is also a lot of animated films using this style. One of the results of his work: "Spongebob", "Dora", etc..c) Exaggeration (EXCESSIVE FORCE)Style animated film that is ideal and is recognized by the world because here animator creativity, imagination and skill of the animators are crucial. There was no interference by tracing or copying. This animated movie styles prefers motion animation of the elements of the story, to make it more dramatic and expressive, but still consider the elements of the story as a balanced quality standards. Example: "Micky Mouse", "Donald Duck", "Tom and Jerry" and "Tiny Toon".6. USE OF ANIMATION FILMa) FILM STORY
Animated films can be used as a feature film length, film short story, the film inserts (trailer)for advertising in cinemas and television
b) GOVERNMENT SERVICESFilm animation is used to propoaganda, movie information, and educational films.
c) COMPANYAnimated film as a public relations (PR), advertising products like films.
d) TELEVISION COMMERCIALAnimated film for commercial purposes such as advertising on television, the message for viewers and entertainment.

Animation is a technique that is widely used in the world of film, both as a unified whole and one with a live movie. Actually comes from the world of film photography, while the animation berkar of the world is drawing graphic design illustration (DKV = Visual Communication Design). Memaluli history of each, both photography and illustration gets new dimensions and shape in the live and animated films. It can be said that the animation comes from the two conventions are fil and images. Film, normally used to record the situation and bring it. To be able to use the medium of film there are two main problems that must be faced, namely, film techniques and presentation techniques.

1. PRINCIPLES OF ANIMATION FILMAnimated film from two conventions are rooted in the world of photography and the world of images. The word comes from English language films is, "1. items such thin membrane made of celluloid portrait drawing negative space (which will be created portraits or played in theaters) 2. The play (story) live image. Fundamentally a thorough understanding of the film is difficult to explain. Can only be explained if viewed out of context; eg drama motion picture that can be interpreted a storyline. Techniques animated films like life, it is possible the calculation of the film that runs sequentially kecepatn anatar 18 till 24 pictures per second \ frames per second \ fps.

2. ORIGINS OF FILM ANIMATION TECHNIQUEHuman desire for producing an image or santiran (image) that lives and moves as intermediaries for their expression. The word comes from the word animation animation (english) is derived from the basic to animate to animate, which means "life". In general, the animation is a way to turn the \ moving images. Actually, since ancient times, humans have known animated as they create pictures of animals found by the archaeologist in northern Spain Lascaux Caves, was two hundred years old. They tried to draw animal movement run by portraying feet in large quantities and reams to appear running. (Hallas and Manvell 1973; 23) The ancient Egyptians turn their image with a sequence of images of the wrestlers who are struggling as wall decorations. Created around 2000 BC. (Thomas 1958; 8) ancient Japanese painting shows a plot of the living, the stage scrolls, made in the Heian period (794-1192). Then came the toy called thaumatrope nineteenth century in Europe, in the form of sheets of cardboard discs, illustrated bird in a cage, the left side of the second piece of rope tied to his right, when twisted by hand will give sentir bird moving images. (Laybourne, 1978; 18) Higga the 1880's, using a portrait of Jean Marey streak record continuous motion flying bird, human activities and other animals. A tool that became the forerunner of the camera developed to date. In 1892, Emile Reynaud developed the animated drawing toy called praxinoscope be a series of hundreds of images rotated animated and projected on a mirror into a motion film, a forerunner of the movie projector. (Laybourne, 1978; 23) Both novice filmmakers from the cinema French is considered as the initial opening of the development of the animated film techniques. Ten years after the film alive with the rapid progress at the end of the 19th century. Year 1908, Emile Cohl beginners of French animated film simplest form matchstick figures. The series of images blabar black (black line) was made on the sheet of white paper, photographed with a film negative so it looks figure to black and white and black background. While in the United States Winson McCay animated film "Gertie the Dinosaur" in 1909. Figure drawn blabar black with a white background. Following in the years following the American animators began developing techniques in animated films around 1913 sampaim in the early 1920's. Max Fleischer developed "Ko Ko the Clown" and Pat Sullivan made the "Felix the Cat". The series of images made as simple as possible, where the figure is drawn blabar black or black shadow background blabar united with basic black and white or vice versa.
McCay made a series of calculations the formula film with an image 16 times per second in gerakkkan. Fleischer and Sullivan have memnafaatkan sell animation techniques, namely transparent sheets of celluloid material called Cell. Other newbies in Germany, Lotte Reiniger in 1919 to develop animated shadows and Bertosch from France in 1930 to make animated fim trial pieces with figures derived from pieces of wood. George Pal start menggunkan sebgai doll figure in a short animated film, in 1934 in the Netherlands and Alexsander Ptushko of Russian dolls length animated film "The New Gulliver" in 1935. In 1935 Len Lye of Canada started developing the film drawing pad immediately after entering the update preformance color film through the film "Colour or Box". The development of the technique is the most important animated film about the 1930's. Where emerged pioneered animated film voiced by Walt Disney from the United States through the film "Mickey Mouse", "Donald Duck" and "Silly Symphony" which was made during the year 1928 to 1940. In 1931 Disney animated film is the first color in the movie "Flower and Trees'. And the first long cartoon animated film made by Disney in 1938 the film "Snow White and Seven Dwarfs". Thus the origin of the development of the animated film techniques continue to evolve with the style and characteristics of each variety negar maker in Europe and spread to Asian countries. Especially in Japan, animated cartoons growing rapidly until the decade mastering the market this year with the animated cartoon character and a distinctive style.3. TYPE OF ANIMATION FILM TECHNIQUE1) ANIMATION FILM DWI MATRA (FLAT ANIMATION)This movie uses all kinds of materials that can be explained drawn on its surface. Called also kind of animated images for almost any object through the orderly working animated image. All kinds of work after another animated film is done in a flat or atasbidang said. Type of bi-dimension animation is;a) ANIMATED FILM CELL (CEL TECHNIQUE)Type of animated film is the basic technique of animated cartoon films. This technique memnafaatkan series of drawings made on transparent plastic sheets called cells "cell". Figures drawn animation individually for each cell on the moving picture changes, other than that there is the silence that is the background for each scene, drawn lengthwise larger than the cell sheet. The sheets of cells and background a hole on one side, to stand on a table while in the picture animator and table stand when photographed. Technique that utilizes a cell sheet considerations savings by separating the image of a moving object animation, made some pictures as needed and moving parts that are not quite made it once.
b) ANIMATED FILM PIECE (CUT-OUT ANIMATION)This type of animated films, including the use of techniques that are simple and easy. Figure or object animation designed, drawn on paper and then cut to the form that has been created and placed pad a plane in the background. Shooting is done by direct menganlisa each movement by hand in accordance with the guidance of the story. With simple techniques, figure or object motion animation is limited so that the character is limited as well. The character made separate figures typically consists of seven different parts of the head, neck, torso, two arms and two legs. To move and animate characters, the separation can be adjusted depending on the demands of the story, can be made less of the earlier or more.







c) ANIMATED FILM SHADOW (SILHOUTTE ANIMATION)Like the puppet show, the type of animated film uses almost the same way. Figure or object animation in the form of a shadow with the background light, because the lighting is behind the scenes. Teknikyang used with animated figures drawn pieces are then cut to the shape drawn and placed on the table in the background for portrait photography. The difference here, colored paper or color-coded according to need, whereas the shadow entirely animated film using dark colored paper \ black both figure and background.
d) ANIMATED FILM collage (COLLAGE ANIMATION)Which is always associated with this type of film animation is a technique that is free to develop our desire to move objects at will in a table animation camera stand. This technique is fairly simple and easy with a few ingredients that can be used; piece of paper, camera, pictures, letters or combination of them all. Pictures and a variety of materials used, arranged in such a way and then changed gradually to form a new arrangement, in which each change was photographed with a camera attachment into a form of animation that is free.

e) DIRECT DRAWING ANIMATION FILMUnlike other animated films, animated films jeni using techniques, object drawing animation created directly on celluloid, both positive and negative, after another without going through the camera scene. For a work of art that needs to be disclosure or who are looking for something new trial.2) ANIMATED FILM TRI MATRA (OBJECT ANIMATION)a) ANIMATED FILM DOLL (Puppet ANIMATION)Animated object used in this animated film is kind dolls and other figures. A simplification of natural shapes of objects, made of flexible material having properties \ plastic and easy to be moved while taking the picture frame by frame like a simple carved wood, cloth, paper, wax, clay, etc..b) ANIMATED FILM MODEL
Tri animated object dimensions in this type form a variety of shapes that are not animated dolls and the like. As the abstract; beams, balls, prisms, pyramids, cylinders, cones, etc.. Or the model of the actual size percontohanbentuk like molecules in the form of chemical compounds, globe, etc.. The form is simple animated object, its use is not too complicated and does not require much movement. Materials used consist of wood, hard plastic, and other hard materials that match the character of the material which is owned properties but does not mean material used is not flexible.
c) ANIMATED FILM PIXILASI (pixilation)
Also called non-animated films figure because the whole story does not need leaders or other figures. This type of animated film merely describes something that deals with general science. Type of film that uses tri dimension of the human figure as an animated object. Pixilasi photography is a technique in which humans act or do something like a puppet scene, just as is done in the animated film in general. The animators set some in the desired position and then photographed every movement for movement in the right frame of becoming a series of movements to match.