manufacturing know

Tofu is one of the popular traditional food. Besides it feels good, it's cheap and they have a high nutritional value. This food is processed from soybeans. Although cheap and simple shape, turns out to have a special quality in terms of nutrition. The study results indicate that the idea of ​​high-grade protein-rich, high-protein complementation properties, ideal for food diet, low in saturated fat and cholesterol free, rich in minerals and vitamins (Koswara, 2006).
The raw materials used in the manufacturing know is:

    * Soybeans
Soy is a key ingredient in making out. Soy is used soy Ball type I.

    * Water
Almost all stages in the manufacturing know takes water from the soaking, washing, grinding, cooking, and soaking knew that already so that it takes the water in large quantities. The water used in the water coming from the ground or artesian water.

    * Acid Vinegar
Mengedapkan acid or vinegar serves to split water with the concentrate out. Vinegar contains acetic acid and salt that is acidic. Acetic acid used were obtained from the factory know others and can be used repeatedly.
The process of making out comprised several stages:

    * Soaking
At this stage of immersion, soy marinade soaked in a tub made of cement. The first step is to enter the soybeans into a plastic bag and then tied up and soaked for about 3 hours (for 1 bag contains 15 kg of soya beans). The amount of water required depends on the amount of soybeans, soybean essence must submerged. The purpose of this stage is to facilitate immersion milling process to produce a thick soy porridge. In addition, the immersion can also help reduce the amount of substance antigizi (antitrypsin) present in soybean. Antigizi substances present in soy may reduce the digestibility of protein in the product know that the levels need to be lowered.

    * Washing soybean
The process continued after laundering is the process of soaking. Before washing process, soybeans in sacks removed from washing tubs, unlocked, and entered into plastic buckets and then washed with running water. The purpose of this washing step is cleaning soybean seeds from impurities so as not to interfere with the process of grinding and the filth that is not mixed into the batter out. After completion of the washing process, soybean drained in a colander large bamboo.

    * Milling
The process of milling is done using soy bean grinder machine with electricity were the driving force of the motor. The purpose is to obtain pulp mill soy then cooked until boiling. When the milling process should be drained of water to obtain the desired viscosity slurry.

    * Boiling / Cooking
The boiling process is done in a circular tub which is made of cement at the bottom there is steam heating. Hot steam from the boiler is in the back of the location process knows that flowed through iron pipes. Fuel is used as a heat source is wood fuel derived from the remnants of house construction. The purpose of boiling is to denaturation of the protein from soy protein so easy terkoagulasi while the addition of acid. The end point is marked by the onset of boiling bubbles heat and thickening solution / slurry of soy. Boiling tub capacity is around 7.5 kg of soybean.

    * Screening
Once boiled and thickened soy porridge, made the screening process using filter cloth. The purpose of this screening process is to separate the solid waste from the pulp or soy pulp filtrate desired. In this screening process soy porridge that has been boiling and slightly thickened, then flows through the faucet at the bottom of the tub heaters. The slurry is channeled through the existing filter cloth over the tank.
Once all that is in the bathtub slurry discharged heater and started the screening process. When the screening constant for the addition of water by pouring on the edges of the screen so that no solids left in the sieve. Pouring water ends when the resulting filtrate is sufficient. Then filter containing the residue squeezed until it is completely dry. Pulp screening results is called a dry pulp, the pulp is transferred into the sack. Pulp is used for animal feed or sold for the manufacture of tempe gembus / bongkrek.

    * Addition of Acid Deposition and Vinegar
From the filtrate obtained by filtering white as milk which will then be processed further. The filtrate obtained was then added in a certain amount of vinegar. The function is the addition of acetic acid and precipitate proteins crumple know that there is a separation between the clumps know whey. Once added vinegar formed two layers of the upper layer (whey) and bottom layer (filtrate / precipitate out). Deposition occurred due to the coagulation of proteins due to the reaction between protein and acid. The precipitate which is the main ingredient to be printed to know. The top layer (whey) in the form of liquid waste is the base material to be processed into Nata De Soya.

    * Printing and Pressing
The process of printing and pressing is the final stage of manufacturing know. Molds used were made of wood measuring 70x70cm given small holes around it. The hole was intended to facilitate the process of pressing the water out. Before the printing process that must be done is to put a thin filter cloth on the mold surface. After that, the sediment that has been generated in the previous stage was moved by using a sort of pan slowly. Furthermore, filter cloth sealed and then placed similarly sized timber with mold on the top. After that, the top of the mold under load to help speed up the process of stamping out. The time for the pressing process is not precisely determined, the owner and the partners estimate only open at certain times of filter cloth. The owner has a parameter that knows when removed from the mold ready to know is already hard enough and did not shatter when shaken.

    * Cutting out
Once the printing process is complete, you know that is so removed from the mold by inverting the mold and then open the filter cloth lining out. After that idea was transferred into a tub filled with water in order to know not destroyed. Prior ready to be sold out in advance cut to size. Cutting is done in the water and be done quickly in order to know not destroyed.